In 2011, Lockheed Martin introduced a concept called Cyber Kill Chain. It outlines the following 7 steps of a cyber attack:
1) Reconnaissance
2) Weaponization
3) Delivery
4) Exploitation
5) Installation
6) Command and Control
7) Actions on Objectives
A well designed Cyber Security program would allow an organization to monitor, alert, and disrupt the Kill Chain and therefore, disrupts the attack or APT (Advance Persistent Threat)
Understanding of the Cyber Kill Chain is therefore, critical in Cyber Security Operations.